Monday, February 24, 2020

Racial Tension Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Racial Tension - Research Paper Example ere are countries such as South Africa that have formed policies of positive action and empowerment that only aims to the black without attending to the needs of the white (Grunsell, 203). The claims of white discrimination have been through the several murders of white farmers in those countries. Investigations have however thrown away the argument as they think that the murder have been through motivations in robbery rather than the thought racial tension. Some whites due to racial tension have tried to rewrite history. There was once a claim that blacks were the main cause of apartheid. This shows the extent that there have been racial discrimination and all that was thought to be bad in the old times were linked to the blacks. In some of the countries such as South Africa, racial tension has been seen to grow as a result of economic stagnation in the country. In these economies, there is higher rate of unemployment that is mostly linked to the blacks. The economic growth has been too higher to reduce the rate of unemployment in the blacks. In such countries the level of unemployment continues to rise in blacks while the white are still privileged and are given the first opportunities in the job sector. Racism is blamed for these occurrences. Many whites see the privileges that they have and the policies that favor them and despite the wealth that they have. They see the black as those that are not exposed to any privilege in job sec tor (Grunsell, 209). After the blacks receiving democracy in most of their countries, there still has been ruling by the whites. Studies that have been carried out have brought out the fact that there is a belief that the whites and the blacks will be difficult to come to trust each other. Policies that have been put forward to solve the issues of racism have failed as there are overpowered by the mistrust that occur between the two groups. In the current situation there is the situation of racial tension all over the world. There

Friday, February 7, 2020

Philosophies address the commonplaces of law concerning authority and Essay

Philosophies address the commonplaces of law concerning authority and the common good - Essay Example But the study of law is neither science nor metaphysics; since law is a normative phenomenon, there must always be a practical reason for studying law. As a normative construct, law attempts to correct human behaviors according to some norm. It is the attempt to determine this normative facet of law that troubles both law-makers and philosophers of law. As we see in modern philosophies of law, there are two primary ways of understanding the normativity of law, which are based either on a natural law tradition (represented primarily by L.L. Fuller), and legal positivism, which attempts to break laws down into social facts, as opposed to facts of nature. The natural law tradition as it applies to the philosophy of law is represented primarily by the 20th century philosopher L.L. Fuller, who developed eight ways to fail for any legal system in his work The Morality of Law (1967) . On Fuller’s word, if any of the eight normative principles are not represented within a government, a system will not be â€Å"legal†. Fuller argues for these principles to the extent that they represent the â€Å"internal morality of law† and that one is guided by such principles to create just laws, and straying from them makes one liable to creating evil laws (Fuller, 1967, p. 39). To that extent, Fuller seems to be following St. Augustine, a natural law philosopher, who said famously, â€Å"Unjust law is not law† (Marmor, 2001). On Fuller’s view, proper laws cannot be made without some reference to morality, making it a natural law thesis. Legal positivism stands opposed to the natural law tradition, rejecting any natural basis for laws in â€Å"natural facts† for morality. H.L.A. Hart, who belongs to the legal positivist tradition, adheres to the (2) conventionality thesis, thinks conditions for legal validity exist within standards of recognition that produce best practices in making or modifying law. These stand because they are